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The real reason Facebook added six emojis and not a 'Dislike' button
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Expressing yourself on another persons Facebook status just got a whole lot easier. - photo by Herb Scribner
Expressing yourself on another persons Facebook status just got a whole lot easier.

According to WIRED, Facebook has begun testing emoji reactions to statuses through six emojis that cover a range of emotions beyond what a simple thumb can.

The new emojis will include reactions such as Like, Love, Haha, Yay, Wow, Sad and Angry all of which allow users to show empathy, something Facebook has long encouraged.

These buttons come about a month after Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg announced the company was exploring the possibility of something like a Dislike button, WIRED reported.

Reports on the day of that announcement said the new feature would likely be an empathy button a way to acknowledge significant life events when you see bad news from a friend on your feed, like a breakup or a natural disaster, without appearing to endorse them, according to WIRED.

These new emojis fit that model.

As you can see, its not a dislike button, wrote Facebooks chief product officer Chris Cox in a Facebook post, though we hope it addresses the spirit of this request more broadly. We studied which comments and reactions are most commonly and universally expressed across Facebook, then worked to design an experience around them that was elegant and fun.

The decision to use emojis came from Adam Mosseri, the head of Facebooks news feed, and his team, according to Bloomberg. When trying to figure out the emoji that should accompany the Like feature, Mosseri and his team consulted sociologists and researchers about human emotions, Bloomberg reported.

The team also looked at Facebook data specifically emojis, stickers and keywords to see which emotions people expressed most, Bloomberg reported.

Hearts were everywhere, Mosseri told Bloomberg. Sometimes it was heart eyes. Sometimes it was a heart beating out of a chest.

A Dislike button, they said, wouldnt work as well since it might inject negativity into a social network fueled by baby photos and videos of corgis waddling at the beach, Bloomberg reported.

Facebook and social media have been known to inspire negative emotions among people. Research indicates that Facebook often encourages depression, makes users unhappy and may even encourage narcissism.

Social media, in general, has been linked to similar issues. For example, a 2015 study from The Ohio State University found that men who post selfies of themselves on social media also reported higher levels of narcissism and psychopathy, according to The Huffington Post.

"That makes sense because psychopathy is characterized by impulsivity," the study's lead author, Jesse Fox, said in a statement, HuffPost reported. They are going to snap the photos and put them online right away. They want to see themselves. They don't want to spend time editing."

And social media trolls negativity spreaders on the Internet are also more likely to show signs of narcissism and psychopathy, according to a 2014 study from the journal Personality and Individual Differences.

An Internet troll is someone who comes into a discussion and posts comments designed to upset or disrupt the conversation," Jennifer Golbeck wrote for Psychology Today. "Often, in fact, it seems like there is no real purpose behind their comments except to upset everyone else involved. Trolls will lie, exaggerate and offend to get a response.

Despite these negatives of social media, research shows Facebook is one social network that encourages empathy, according to The New York Times Teddy Wayne something that may only increase with the new emojis.

One reason we may condemn social media for its narcissism is because we view it as a monolith, when there are numerous subcategories of its use, Wayne wrote. There is a great difference, for instance, between posting a dozen selfies at a rooftop party versus linking to a charitys donation page and writing a personal statement about the cause.

As Wayne reported, a 2014 study from the University of North Florida found Facebook may encourage some aspects of empathy in contrast to previous reports.

The study, which looked at Facebook data private messages and comments from unmarried Facebook users found men and women show high levels of perspective taking the ability to identify with anothers situation, The Times reported.

Men showed higher levels of perspective taking than women, since they often identified with other users personal stories. Women in the study, though, showed higher levels of empathy overall.

This suggests, according to The Times, that Facebook interaction may increase our empathy since it puts us in the shoes of another.

In face-to-face connections, you tend to stay with people youre most familiar with or have most in common with, Tracy Alloway, lead author of the paper, told The Times. But Facebook can break down those boundaries. We can be exposed to different ways of thinking and emotional situations. On a somewhat superficial level, individuals disclose things about themselves, and that facilitates maybe not a deep sense of closeness, but the next time you see them, you may feel you know them a little better.
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How to avoid 'sharenting' and other paparazzi parenting habits
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A recent study revealed parents often spend up to two hours staging a single photo of his or her child to post online. - photo by Amy Iverson
Before having kids, some people just dont appreciate their friends baby posts. But after having a child of their own, three fourths of new parents jump right on the parental social media bandwagon. If you have become a member of this group, there are some rules to follow for posting responsibly.

Much of a parents worry is how to teach their children to use social media responsibly. We talk with our kids about privacy, oversharing, and setting restrictions on their devices to keep them safe. But parents themselves need to look in the digital mirror once in a while. Before having children, it doesnt take as much effort to think about what to post online. Its up to us to decide what we share about our own lives. But once you become a parent, there are many questions to think about regarding what is appropriate to post about your kids on social media.

In a recent survey, kids clothing subscription company Mac and Mia surveyed 2000 new parents to find out how they are documenting their kids lives on social media, and what concerns they may have.

First of all, people without children seem to feel a bit differently about the onslaught of baby pictures online than those who are parents. 18 percent of people say before they had kids, they were annoyed by their friends baby posts. But after having children of their own, 73 percent admit they post progress pictures of their little ones every single month.

Not only are new parents letting the world know each time their baby is a month older, but they are posting about their kids every few days or so. Men and women report they post 6-7 times per month about their baby.

And while 70 percent of new parents say the benefit of using social media is how easy it is to help family and friends feel involved, there are some downsides. Here are a few tips to avoid the pitfall of becoming paparazzi parents.

Dont miss the moment

In the Mac and Mia survey, some parents admitted to spending up to two hours to get the perfect shot of their baby. That seems a little extreme. New and old parents alike should be careful about spending so much time taking pictures and videos that they dont enjoy the moment. Years ago, I decided to never live an experience through my phone. A study by Linda Henkel, a psychology professor at Fairfield University in Connecticut, found that when people took pictures of objects in an art museum, they didnt remember the objects as well as if they simply observed them.

This photo-taking impairment effect can happen to parents as well. If we are so consumed by getting the perfect photo, we can miss out on the moment all together, and our memory of it will suffer.

Dont forget about privacy

60 percent of couples say they have discussed rules and boundaries for posting their babys photos, according to the Mac and Mia survey. Even so, men are 34 percent more likely to publish baby posts on public accounts. If parents are concerned about their childrens privacy, keeping photos off of public accounts is a given.

In the Washington Post, Stacey Steinberg, a legal skills professor at the University of Florida, and Bahareh Keith, a Portland pediatrician, wrote that sharing too much information about kids online puts them at risk. They write that all that sharenting can make it easier for data thieves to target out kids for identity theft. Check that your privacy settings are where they should be and never share identifying information like full names and birth dates.

Dont be paparazzi parents

36 percent of parents say they take issue when their childs photo is posted online by someone else. Responsible social media users will always ask permission before posting a photo of another child. But parents should also think about whether their own children will take issue with their own posted photos a few years down the road.

When parents are constantly snapping pictures and throwing them on social media, it can be easy to forget to pause and make sure the post is appropriate. I always use the billboard example with my kids. I ask them to picture whatever they are posting going up on a billboard in our neighborhood. If they are okay with that, then their post is probably fine. Parents should ask themselves this same question when posting about their children. But they should also ask themselves if their child would be OK with this post on a billboard in 15 years. If it would cause embarrassment or humiliation, it might be best to keep it private.

Once children reach an appropriate age, parents should include them in the process of deciding what pictures are OK to post. Researchers at the University of Michigan surveyed 10- to 17-year-olds and found children believe their parents should ask permission more than parents think they should. The kids in the survey said sharing happy family moments, or accomplishments in sports, school and hobbies is fine. But when the post is negative (like when a child is disciplined) or embarrassing (think naked baby pictures or messy hair), kids say to keep it off social media.
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