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How to apologize to your spouse
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Im sorry.

Why, oh why, is this little phrase so hard to say? And even when we do say it, why does it feel like were never doing it right?

In our marriage, Im sorry has come to mean basically nothing. Usually we either say it to avoid a conversation or conflict but have no real idea why we are apologizing, or we say it as a passive aggressive term that actually means, Youre crazy but Im going to apologize to show you how ridiculous this is.

Now, raise your hand if you think my marriage is doomed.

Well, I hate to disappoint you, but its not. My marriage has flaws because my husband and I have flaws. We make mistakes. We break each others trust at times. And thanks to these tools I'm learning, we can rebuild it.

So, back to the tool at hand: apologizing. When done right, apologizing can bring a couple closer together. When done wrong, it can become a breeding ground for festering resentment.

According to our Couple Links relationship class, when someone has broken the trust of a relationship either in a big way or in a small, day-to-day way, they need to follow the four steps of a genuine apology.

1. Acknowledge what happened.

2. Apologize for your role in what happened.

3. Briefly clarify why you did what you did. (Note: This is not an excuse and should never, ever start with the word but.)

4. Apologize again. (This one can start with a but if needed.)

A good apology could sound something like this: I know you are upset we missed the movie (acknowledge what happened). Im so sorry I was late (apologize for my role). My boss stopped me on my way out (clarification), but I am sorry it made us miss the show (apology).

Phew! Crisis averted. Apology given. Apology accepted. Marriage saved.

Not so fast.

An apology is only the beginning of recovering when trust has been broken in a marriage. While giving a genuine apology and receiving forgiveness are the first steps, they are not the same thing as reaching reconciliation. Forgiveness is a choice to let go of anger, but it doesnt mean things are fine and can go back to the way they were.

The second part of a real apology comes in the reconciliation. This may come in the form of small acts of rebuilding the trust that was lost, or it could come in the form of listening to the victim talk through their pain or concerns.

If you skip this step, you may have said Im sorry, but the resentments can build anyway. Our class equates these resentments to a small pebble in your shoe. At first, it is small and annoying, but you think you can ignore it. Then, you get a sore on your foot as these annoyances become bigger and ever-present in your mind. Finally, these wounds cripple you and are all you can see when you look at your spouse. You begin to believe he or she is acting out of a deliberate desire to hurt you.

I dont have a quick and easy answer to how to avoid resentment in a marriage, but I do believe that open, supportive communication like I wrote about last week coupled with genuine apologies and reconciliation are a good place to start.

Last week, a reader wrote in to say that taking a relationship class because who doesnt need a tuneup is code for saying our marriage is desperately falling apart.

I understand this sentiment, but it couldnt be further from the truth. I am not a master of communication or interpersonal relationships. Why would I assume that I could spend decades with one person and not need help learning how to best talk to, fight with, love and live with my spouse? In my view, thats a little arrogant to think I can be an expert on all those things without some help.

Habits of poor communication occur in every marriage, and we all need tuneups and classes and time set apart for the hard work of making a marriage work. There is no shame in this, and in fact, reaching out for help only shows that you care about your marriage, your spouse and the commitment youve made for better and worse.

How do you apologize and forgive in your marriage?
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How to avoid 'sharenting' and other paparazzi parenting habits
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A recent study revealed parents often spend up to two hours staging a single photo of his or her child to post online. - photo by Amy Iverson
Before having kids, some people just dont appreciate their friends baby posts. But after having a child of their own, three fourths of new parents jump right on the parental social media bandwagon. If you have become a member of this group, there are some rules to follow for posting responsibly.

Much of a parents worry is how to teach their children to use social media responsibly. We talk with our kids about privacy, oversharing, and setting restrictions on their devices to keep them safe. But parents themselves need to look in the digital mirror once in a while. Before having children, it doesnt take as much effort to think about what to post online. Its up to us to decide what we share about our own lives. But once you become a parent, there are many questions to think about regarding what is appropriate to post about your kids on social media.

In a recent survey, kids clothing subscription company Mac and Mia surveyed 2000 new parents to find out how they are documenting their kids lives on social media, and what concerns they may have.

First of all, people without children seem to feel a bit differently about the onslaught of baby pictures online than those who are parents. 18 percent of people say before they had kids, they were annoyed by their friends baby posts. But after having children of their own, 73 percent admit they post progress pictures of their little ones every single month.

Not only are new parents letting the world know each time their baby is a month older, but they are posting about their kids every few days or so. Men and women report they post 6-7 times per month about their baby.

And while 70 percent of new parents say the benefit of using social media is how easy it is to help family and friends feel involved, there are some downsides. Here are a few tips to avoid the pitfall of becoming paparazzi parents.

Dont miss the moment

In the Mac and Mia survey, some parents admitted to spending up to two hours to get the perfect shot of their baby. That seems a little extreme. New and old parents alike should be careful about spending so much time taking pictures and videos that they dont enjoy the moment. Years ago, I decided to never live an experience through my phone. A study by Linda Henkel, a psychology professor at Fairfield University in Connecticut, found that when people took pictures of objects in an art museum, they didnt remember the objects as well as if they simply observed them.

This photo-taking impairment effect can happen to parents as well. If we are so consumed by getting the perfect photo, we can miss out on the moment all together, and our memory of it will suffer.

Dont forget about privacy

60 percent of couples say they have discussed rules and boundaries for posting their babys photos, according to the Mac and Mia survey. Even so, men are 34 percent more likely to publish baby posts on public accounts. If parents are concerned about their childrens privacy, keeping photos off of public accounts is a given.

In the Washington Post, Stacey Steinberg, a legal skills professor at the University of Florida, and Bahareh Keith, a Portland pediatrician, wrote that sharing too much information about kids online puts them at risk. They write that all that sharenting can make it easier for data thieves to target out kids for identity theft. Check that your privacy settings are where they should be and never share identifying information like full names and birth dates.

Dont be paparazzi parents

36 percent of parents say they take issue when their childs photo is posted online by someone else. Responsible social media users will always ask permission before posting a photo of another child. But parents should also think about whether their own children will take issue with their own posted photos a few years down the road.

When parents are constantly snapping pictures and throwing them on social media, it can be easy to forget to pause and make sure the post is appropriate. I always use the billboard example with my kids. I ask them to picture whatever they are posting going up on a billboard in our neighborhood. If they are okay with that, then their post is probably fine. Parents should ask themselves this same question when posting about their children. But they should also ask themselves if their child would be OK with this post on a billboard in 15 years. If it would cause embarrassment or humiliation, it might be best to keep it private.

Once children reach an appropriate age, parents should include them in the process of deciding what pictures are OK to post. Researchers at the University of Michigan surveyed 10- to 17-year-olds and found children believe their parents should ask permission more than parents think they should. The kids in the survey said sharing happy family moments, or accomplishments in sports, school and hobbies is fine. But when the post is negative (like when a child is disciplined) or embarrassing (think naked baby pictures or messy hair), kids say to keep it off social media.
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